Define Jute Fibre & Its types:

Jute:

Bast fiber used for sacking, burlap, and twine as a backing material for tufted carpets. Jute is one of the most affordable natural fibres and is second only to cotton in amount produced and variety of uses of vegetable fibres. Jute fibres

are composed primarily of the plant materials cellulose (major component of plant fibre) and lignin (major components of wood fibre).

Chemical Composition of Jute Fiber:

• Cellulose → 65.2%
• Hemi-cellulose → 22.2%
• Lignin → 12.5%
• Water Soluble matter → 1.5%
• Fat and Wax → 0.6%

Types:

1. Hassian Warp: 

These types of yarn are good, clean and free from specks with high lusture. For manufacturing this type of yarn, clean and defect free jute is required. To make this type of yarn clean and defect free jute is required. 

Batch Selection: 

Hard jute .......................................70%
Soft jute ........................................30%

Example: For 8 lbs/spyndle hassian warp

White C........................................40%
White X ...................................... 40%
Tossa ...........................................20%

2. Hassian Weft: 

Hassian weft yarn is cleaner and softer than hassian warp yarn. So for hassian weft clean fibre is required, but fibre of lower strength can be used to hassian weft yarn.

Batch Selection: 

For Heavy Yarn

Hard jute..................................30%
Soft jute ...................................70%

For Light Yarn

Hard jute .................................50%
Soft jute ...................................50%

Example: For 8.5 lbs/spyndle hassian weft

White C ...................................40%
White X ...................................40%
Tossa ........................................20%

3. Sacking Warp: 

Sacking warp jute yarn is good and strong. Specks and colour is not important when manufacturing this type of yarn. So, 70 to 80% Tossa jute can be used.

Batch Selection: 

Hard jute ................................... 60%
Soft jute .....................................40%

Example: For 8 lbs/spyndle sacking warp

X bottom ..................................67%
S M R ......................................33%

4. Sacking Weft: 

Sacking weft yarns are low quality yarn. It is coarse and is made from low grade jute fibre. It may contain line cuttings, bale cuttings, soft and hard waste, rope waste, jute dust, habijabi and entangled jute.

Example: For sacking weft

NC .......................................................70%
S M R ..................................................15%
Caddis ..................................................5%
Thread waste and gunny cuttings............10%

5. C.B.C (carpet breaking cloth):

Batch Selection: 

Hard jute ................................... 100%

Example: For 8 lbs/spyndle C.B.C warp

B.W.B ....................................... 40%
B.W.C ...................................... 60%

Example: For 8 lbs/spyndle C.B.C weft